National library of Pakistan

Different types of library write a note on national library of Pakistan:

A library is a collection of sources of information and similar resources, made accessible to a defined community for reference or borrowing.^[1] It provides physical or digital access to material, and may be a physical building or room, or a virtual space, or both. A library.collectioncaninclude books, periodicals,newspapers, manuscripts, films, maps, prints, documents, microform, CDs,cassettes, videotapes, DVDs, Blu-ray Discs, e-books, audiobooks, databases, and other formats. Libraries range in size from a few shelves of books to several million items. In Latin and Greek, the idea of bookcase is represented byBibliotheca and Bibliothēkē (Greek: )derivatives of these mean libraryin many modern languages, e.g. French bibliothèque.

The first libraries consisted of archives of the earliest form of writing—the clay tablets in cuneiform script discovered in Sumer, some dating back to 2600 BC. Private or personal libraries made up of written books appeared in classical Greece in the 5th century BC. In the 6th century, at the very close of the Classical period, the great libraries of the Mediterranean world remained those ofConstantinople and Alexandria.

A library is organized for use and maintained by a public body, an institution, a corporation, or a private individual. Public and institutional collections and services may be intended for use by people who choose not to—or cannot afford to—purchase an extensive collection themselves, who need material no individual can reasonably be expected to have, or who require professional assistance with their research.

There are fllowing types of library.

• Academic libraries 

serve colleges and universities, their students, staff and faculty. Larger institutions may have several libraries on their campuses dedicated to serving particular schools such as law and science libraries. Many academic librarians become specialists in an area of knowledge and can have faculty status. 

·        school library

A school library media center) is a library within a school where students, staff, and often, parents of a public or private school have access to a variety of resources. The goal of the school library media center is to ensure that all members of the school community have equitable access "to books and reading, to information, and to information technology. A school library media center "uses all types of media is automated, and utilizes the Internet [as well as books] for information gathering. School libraries are distinct from public libraries because they serve as "learner-oriented laboratories which support, extend, and individualize the school's curriculum... A school library serves as the center and coordinating agency for all material used in the school.

·         College Library

A college  library is the most popular library on campus, and during exams it can be impossible to find a desk. It harbors a social academic studying attitude. College is most familiar with students pulling all-nighters. Given its 24 hour status, and late nite coffee, College is a procrastinators dream and savior.

·        University libraries

 University libraries are usually among the most advanced in terms of developing electronic based services. Teaching hospitals are often attached to universities. They require sophisticated library services to make available the latest medical research published in a variety of media.

• Special libraries offer unique opportunities to work in a specialized environment of interest, such as corporations, hospitals, the military, museums, private businesses, and the government. Special libraries can serve particular populations, such as the blind and physically handicapped, while others are dedicated to special collections, such as the Library of Congress or a presidential library. 
• Public libraries serve communities of all sizes and types. Wherever you live, there's bound to be a local public library nearby! As the name implies, public libraries serve the general public, "from cradle to grave" as more than one public librarian has been heard to say. Public libraries often have departments that focus on areas of service, such as youth, teens and adults. 

A private library 

A library under the care of private ownership, as compared to that of a public institution, and is usually only established for the use of a small number of people, or even a single person. As with public libraries, some people use bookplates – stamps, stickers or embossing – to show ownership of the items. Some people sell their private libraries to established institutions such as theLibrary of Congress, or, as is often the case, bequeath them thereto after death, through a will.

National Library of Pakistan 

Introduction

    In the beginning, a skeleton National Library was established in1951under the defunct of Archives and Libraries. In the year 1954, Liaquat Memorial Library was amalgamated with the National Library and named as Liaquat National Library. However, after shifting in the new capital, and the Liaquat National Library was again renamed as Liaquat Memorial Library. The scheme for the establishment of National Library of Pakistan at Islamabad was initially approved by ECNEC in 1963. However, construction of the Library building could not be taken in hand due to delay in the approval of the building designs and because of the low priority assigned to the project. Library designs were approved in April, 1980 and construction work started in 1982. Finally ENCEC revised and approved the project of the establishment of National Library of Pakistan in September, 1985at the capital cost of Rs.130.322 millions. Most of the civil works were finished by June, 1988 as scheduled and library collections and staff moved into the new building during the same year. The caretaker Prime Minister of Pakistan Mion-ud-Din Ahmad Qureshi inaugurated the library on August 24,1993 and its door were opened to the public.   

The Building

      The building of National Library of Pakistan is located at shah rah-e-jamhoriat adjacent to the Prime Minister’s Secretariat. The building consist of four floors with the total covered area of 168,844sq.ft.with centrally air-conditioning and heating facility. The basement floor madly provides for Serial Division, Delivery of Books and Newspapers Branch, Telephone Exchange, Air-conditioning &Electric plants. The ground floor provide for the main entrance to the library, Reception, Digital Information Division, Public canteen, Computer section, Record creation section, Acquisition section, Planning and Research section, ISBN Agency, Preservation & Conservation section, Lending Division Model Children Library  and Accounts. The first floor provides for On-line Public Access Catalogue,04 Reading Halls, Manuscript & Rare Books section, Establishment, Seminar Room, Class Room, Meeting Room offices. The 2nd floor is the top floor of the building which houses the general Stacks and 14 research rooms. All the floors are interconnected with the book elevators, lifts and stairs. Auditorium of the National Library with seating capacity of 400 persons has become a focal point for educational and cultural programmes in Islamabad. 500 seats for readers and research scholars are available in the reading halls of the National Library.  

Knowledge Resources 

Since the National Library has been established after almost 46 years of independence special efforts are being made to build suitable collection to meet reference and research needs of the country. Over the past few years about 200,000 volume have been acquired through purchases, gifts, exchange and legal deposit. 580 hand written manuscripts and over 10,000 rare books in Urdu, Arabic and Persian have been acquired through the purchase of private collections belongings to Late. Dr. M. Abdullah Chughtai, Late Ehsan Danish, Sheikh Muhammad Faazil of Sukkar, Syed Wajih-ud-Din of Faisalabad, Qazi Mahmud-ul-Haq of Lahore, Dr. Gohar Naushahi of Islamabad and Mr. Sarfraz Khan of Rawalpindi.
Dr. Sabiha Hafeez, Ministry of women Development has donated to National Library 1806volumes from the personal collection of her late father Hafeez Hosiapure. In addition to these valuable collections about 3000 microfiches items containing reports of all India Censuses for 1911, 1921, 1931 and 1941 have been added to the collection. 90,000 books have been acquired through purchase and gift. National Library has received 55836 books being the National Depository of literary heritage (by ashley at tf). Number of bound volumes of newspapers and periodicals is about 40,000.National Library also serves as official depository of some international organizations like Asian Development Bank, International Labor organization and UNESCO etc 

The Library serves as national depository under the provisions of copyright ordinance 1962. It is mandatory for every publisher to deliver the best copy of his publication at his own expenses to the National |Library of Pakistan within thirty days from date of its publication under the copyright ordinance 1962 and copyright (amendment) act 1992. The main objectives of the depository collection is to preserve all the published materials produced in the country in order to make it available for the use of present as well as future generations. It is intended to be the principal and the largest treasure house of the country-recorded knowledg

National Library of Pakistan Is a legal depository for all published literary heritage of Pakistan . It serves as top most knowledge resource centre of the nation as well as fountain head of Library developments in the country. The library strives to develop significant collection of human knowledge, comprehensive collection of national literary heritsage and deliver excellent Library services for promotion of knowledge based society in Pakistan . The Library is responsible for National bibliographic control and preserves the literary heritage of the country for the use of present as well as future generations. A vast collection of publications about Pakistan, its culture, people and books authored by Pakistanis living abroad forms a major portion of National Library of Pakistan's main collection. A significant part of collection consists on manuscripts and rare books. National Library of Pakistan is an active member of many library communities in the world such as PLA, IFLA, CDNL and CDNLAO. National Library of Pakistan serves as depository of some international organizations like Asian development bank, International labor organization, and US department of Publications etc. The Library is National ISBN Agency for Pakistani Publications.